考研英语长难句举例：
As a result of the recent economic downturn, many companies have been forced to downsize, which has led to a significant increase in unemployment, causing widespread social and economic repercussions that are likely to persist for years to come.
分析：这个句子包含了多个从句和复杂的修饰结构。主句是“many companies have been forced to downsize”，其中“as a result of the recent economic downturn”是原因状语从句，说明公司规模缩小的原因。定语从句“which has led to a significant increase in unemployment”修饰先行词“downsize”，解释了这一行动导致的结果。而“causing widespread social and economic repercussions that are likely to persist for years to come”则是非限制性定语从句，补充说明了失业带来的长期影响。
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