在撰写考研英语小作文时，以下是一些常见的词汇和短语，可以帮助考生提高写作质量：
1. Introduction: introduction, background, purpose, context
2. Topic: topic, issue, subject, matter
3. Description: describe, outline, explain, detail
4. Reasons: reason, cause, factor, motive
5. Solution: solution, approach, method, strategy
6. Conclusion: conclusion, summary, in conclusion, in summary
7. Transition: however, in addition, on the other hand, consequently
8. Citing: quote, refer to, mention
9. Emphasize: emphasize, highlight, stress
10. Compare/contrast: compare, contrast, alike, unlike
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