考研英语一常用词组解析与实战技巧
在考研英语一的备考过程中,掌握常用词组的用法和搭配至关重要。这些词组不仅是阅读理解、写作和翻译的基础,更是提升语言表达的“加分项”。本文将结合历年真题,深入解析几个高频词组,并提供实用的记忆和运用技巧,帮助你轻松应对考试中的语言挑战。
常见问题解答
1. “Take into account”的用法与常见错误
“Take into account”是一个表示“考虑”的常用词组,在阅读和写作中频繁出现。它强调在决策或分析时,必须将某因素纳入考量范围。例如,在论述文中,“When taking into account the environmental impact, renewable energy should be prioritized”这句话表明在评估能源政策时,环境因素是关键考量点。
然而,考生常犯的错误是将它与“take account of”混淆。后者更侧重于“记录”或“报告”,如“The company will take account of the expenses next month.”有人误用为“take into consideration”,虽然意思相近,但前者更简洁正式。在翻译时,中文常译为“考虑到”或“顾及”,如“Considering the weather conditions, we decided to postpone the event.”这样的表达既准确又自然。记住,这个词组通常不用于被动语态,且后面常接名词或动名词形式,如“Taking into account the risks involved”。
2. “With the exception of”的适用场景与替代表达
“With the exception of”意为“除……之外”,常用于列举时排除特定项。例如,“All students passed the exam, with the exception of three who were absent.”这里强调除了三个缺席学生外,其余人都通过了考试。这个表达正式感较强,适合学术写作,但在口语中较少见。
考生常误用为“except for”,后者更灵活,可用于排除具体事物或情况,如“The meal was delicious, except for the overcooked vegetables.”相比之下,“with the exception of”更严格,必须排除的是人、群体或明确的类别。在翻译时,中文常译为“除……以外”或“除了……之外”,如“Everyone attended the meeting, with the exception of the director.”还可以用“save for”或“excluding”替代,如“Save for a few minor errors, the report was flawless.”这些表达虽功能相似,但侧重点略有不同,需根据语境选择。
3. “Be indicative of”的深层含义与例句解析
“Be indicative of”意为“是……的迹象或标志”,常用于分析现象背后的原因或趋势。例如,“The rising sales figures are indicative of growing market demand.”这里强调销量增长是市场需求扩大的信号。这个词组强调间接证据,适合用于论证或预测性写作。
考生常将其与“be a sign of”混淆,后者更口语化,如“His nervousness is a sign of upcoming trouble.”而“be indicative of”更正式,常用于学术分析,如“Statistical data are indicative of a trend toward urbanization.”在翻译时,中文常译为“表明”或“预示”,如“Deteriorating infrastructure is indicative of neglect.”还可以用“suggest”或“point to”替代,如“Suggesting underlying issues, the survey results were inconsistent.”这些表达虽功能相近,但“be indicative of”更强调客观性,适合严谨的论述。