考研英语二图表作文高分句式实用指南
在考研英语二的写作部分,图表作文因其直观性和信息密度大而成为考生的一大难点。掌握万能句式不仅能提升文章的流畅度,还能在有限的时间内展现逻辑思维。本文将围绕图表作文中常见的句式问题,结合实例解析如何通过句式变换避免重复,并针对数据描述、趋势分析等核心场景提供实用表达,帮助考生从“会写”到“写得好”。
高频问题解答
问题1:如何用句式表达图表中的数据对比?
数据对比是图表作文的核心,考生常因句式单一导致表达单调。例如,在比较两组数据时,可使用“while...”结构突出反差:“While the number of online shoppers reached 45 million in 2018, the traditional retail sector saw a decline to 38 million.” 这种对比句式能瞬间抓住阅卷者注意力。更高级的表达可结合倍数关系,如“the growth rate of mobile payments was three times higher than that of credit cards.” 数据描述切忌堆砌数字,应将数据与现象结合,例如:“The sharp increase in remote work requests, which surged by 120% in Q3, reflects the post-pandemic office trend.” 通过现象解释数据,既符合学术写作规范,又能体现逻辑深度。
问题2:描述趋势变化时有哪些万能句式?
趋势分析是图表作文的重头戏,考生常卡在“上升/下降”的简单表达上。其实,英语中描述趋势的句式远比中文丰富。例如,表示“稳步上升”可用“has been on a steady upward trajectory since 2015”;描述“骤降”可说“plummeted to a record low of 12% in 2020”。对于波动趋势,推荐使用“subject to fluctuations”或“showed volatility in the early stages”。更地道的表达是结合时间状语,如:“The employment rate exhibited a V-shaped recovery, rebounding to 95% by 2022 after its initial dip.” 值得注意的是,趋势描述切忌直译中文,如避免说“去年上升了很多”,而应具体到“last year’s 30% rise marked the fastest growth in five years.” 这种细节化表达能有效提升文章专业度。
问题3:如何避免句式重复?
阅卷老师最反感的就是“while”“in contrast”的简单重复。建议考生准备多种对比句式储备库,例如:“On the one hand...on the other hand”“whereas”“whereas”“in contrast to”“showing a stark divergence between”等。更高级的方法是使用非谓语结构,如:“The widening gap between urban and rural incomes, illustrated by the chart, poses social challenges.” 这种表达既避免了重复,又提升了句式多样性。对于数据支撑,可尝试“supported by the statistics showing a 15% difference”等从句结构。记住,句式变化不是简单的词语替换,而是要真正理解每个句式的逻辑功能,如转折、递进、因果等,才能灵活运用。
问题4:如何将图表信息与论点结合?
很多考生写图表作文时陷入“描述数据—简单总结”的窠臼。正确做法是用句式搭建论点框架。例如,在分析人口老龄化趋势时,可以这样写:“The projected 25% rise in elderly populations by 2030, as depicted above, underscores the urgent need for policy adjustments.” 这种结构先用数据引出论点,再用“underscores”明确逻辑关系。更高级的表达是使用虚拟语气,如:“If the decline in manufacturing jobs had continued at the same pace, the unemployment rate would have exceeded 15%.” 这种假设句式能有效提升文章深度。论点句式要与图表类型匹配,例如柱状图适合对比句式,折线图适合趋势表达,饼图则多用比例句式如“constituting 40% of the total composition.”